Fracturing manifold systems and methods

ABSTRACT

A fracturing system is provided. In one embodiment, the fracturing system includes a fracturing manifold for routing fracturing fluid to multiple wells. The fracturing manifold can be coupled via fluid conduits to fracturing trees installed at the wells. In some cases, each fracturing tree that is coupled to the fracturing manifold is coupled by at least one rigid fluid conduit. The fracturing manifold can include a trunk line that provides fracturing fluid to multiple outlet branches, which can include valves for controlling flow of fracturing fluid to wells downstream of the valves. Additional systems, devices, and methods are also disclosed.

BACKGROUND

This section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects ofart that may be related to various aspects of the presently describedembodiments. This discussion is believed to be helpful in providing thereader with background information to facilitate a better understandingof the various aspects of the present embodiments. Accordingly, itshould be understood that these statements are to be read in this light,and not as admissions of prior art.

In order to meet consumer and industrial demand for natural resources,companies often invest significant amounts of time and money insearching for and extracting oil, natural gas, and other subterraneanresources from the earth. Particularly, once a desired subterraneanresource is discovered, drilling and production systems are oftenemployed to access and extract the resource. These systems may belocated onshore or offshore depending on the location of a desiredresource. Further, such systems generally include a wellhead assemblythrough which the resource is extracted. These wellhead assemblies mayinclude a wide variety of components, such as various casings, valves,fluid conduits, and the like, that control drilling or extractionoperations.

Additionally, such wellhead assemblies may use a fracturing tree andother components to facilitate a fracturing process and enhanceproduction from a well. As will be appreciated, resources such as oiland natural gas are generally extracted from fissures or other cavitiesformed in various subterranean rock formations or strata. To facilitateextraction of such resources, a well may be subjected to a fracturingprocess that creates one or more man-made fractures in a rock formation.This facilitates, for example, coupling of pre-existing fissures andcavities, allowing oil, gas, or the like to flow into the wellbore. Suchfracturing processes typically include injecting a fracturingfluid—which is often a mixture including sand and water—into the well toincrease the well's pressure and form the man-made fractures. Afracturing manifold may provide fracturing fluid to one or morefracturing trees via fracturing lines (e.g., pipes). But the fracturingmanifolds and associated fracturing trees are typically large and heavy,and may be mounted to other equipment at a fixed location, makingadjustments between the fracturing manifold and a fracturing treedifficult.

SUMMARY

Certain aspects of some embodiments disclosed herein are set forthbelow. It should be understood that these aspects are presented merelyto provide the reader with a brief summary of certain forms theinvention might take and that these aspects are not intended to limitthe scope of the invention. Indeed, the invention may encompass avariety of aspects that may not be set forth below.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to fracturingsystems having a fracturing manifold. In one embodiment, a fracturingsystem includes a fracturing manifold coupled to multiple fracturingtrees via fluid conduits such that each of the multiple fracturing treesis coupled to the fracturing manifold by one or more rigid conduits.Goat heads may also be used to facilitate connection of the fracturingmanifold to the fracturing trees. In some instances, a fracturingmanifold includes a trunk line for providing fracturing fluid tomultiple outlet branches of the manifold. Further, the multiple outletbranches can include valves for controlling flow of fracturing fluidtoward wells from the trunk line.

Various refinements of the features noted above may exist in relation tovarious aspects of the present embodiments. Further features may also beincorporated in these various aspects as well. These refinements andadditional features may exist individually or in any combination. Forinstance, various features discussed below in relation to one or more ofthe illustrated embodiments may be incorporated into any of theabove-described aspects of the present disclosure alone or in anycombination. Again, the brief summary presented above is intended onlyto familiarize the reader with certain aspects and contexts of the someembodiments without limitation to the claimed subject matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of certain embodimentswill become better understood when the following detailed description isread with reference to the accompanying drawings in which likecharacters represent like parts throughout the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 generally depicts an adjustable fracturing system in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the adjustable fracturing system of FIG. 1 with afracturing manifold coupled to multiple fracturing trees in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of certain components of the adjustablefracturing system, including the fracturing manifold, one fracturingtree, and several adjustment joints in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an adjustment joint in the form of afracturing head in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 5 is a cross-section of the fracturing head of FIG. 4 in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 generally depicts the fracturing head of FIGS. 4 and 5 followingadjustment of the fracturing head to increase its length in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an adjustment joint in the form of afracturing head having inlet and outlet ports that are not axiallyaligned with each other in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-section of a fracturing head including a testport to enable integrity testing between two seals of the fracturinghead in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a cross-section of an adjustment joint in the form of a pipeconnector having a length that may be varied in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of certain components of an adjustablefracturing system, including fluid conduits having multiple pipesconnected between the fracturing manifold and two fracturing trees, inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a detail view of one of the fluid conduits of FIG. 10; and

FIG. 12 generally depicts one pipe of the fluid conduit of FIG. 11 ashaving a swivel connection on one end that allows rotation of the pipewith respect to another portion of the fluid conduit in accordance withone embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

One or more specific embodiments of the present disclosure will bedescribed below. In an effort to provide a concise description of theseembodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not bedescribed in the specification. It should be appreciated that in thedevelopment of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering ordesign project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be madeto achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance withsystem-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from oneimplementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that sucha development effort might be complex and time consuming, but wouldnevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, andmanufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of thisdisclosure.

When introducing elements of various embodiments, the articles “a,”“an,” “the,” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or moreof the elements. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” areintended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elementsother than the listed elements. Moreover, any use of “top,” “bottom,”“above,” “below,” other directional terms, and variations of these termsis made for convenience, but does not require any particular orientationof the components.

Turning now to the present figures, an example of a fracturing system 10is provided in FIGS. 1 and 2 in accordance with one embodiment. Thefracturing system 10 facilitates extraction of natural resources (e.g.,oil or natural gas) from a well 12 via a wellbore 14 and a wellhead 16.Particularly, by injecting a fracturing fluid into the well 12, thefracturing system 10 increases the number or size of fractures in a rockformation or strata to enhance recovery of natural resources present inthe formation. In the presently illustrated embodiment, the well 12 is asurface well accessed by equipment of wellhead 16 installed at surfacelevel (i.e., on ground 18). But it will be appreciated that naturalresources may be extracted from other wells, such as platform or subseawells.

The fracturing system 10 includes various components to control flow ofa fracturing fluid into the well 12. For instance, the depictedfracturing system 10 includes a fracturing tree 20 and a fracturingmanifold 22. The fracturing tree 20 includes at least one valve thatcontrols flow of the fracturing fluid into the wellhead 16 and,subsequently, into the well 12. Similarly, the fracturing manifold 22includes at least one valve that controls flow of the fracturing fluidto the fracturing tree 20 by a conduit or fluid connection 26 (e.g.,pipes).

The fracturing manifold 22 is mounted on at least one skid 24 (e.g., aplatform mounted on rails) to enable movement of the fracturing manifold22 with respect to the ground 18. As depicted in FIG. 2, the fracturingmanifold 22 is connected to provide fracturing fluid to multiplefracturing trees 20 and wellheads 16. But it is noted that thefracturing manifold 22 may instead be coupled to a single fracturingtree 20 in full accordance with the present techniques. In oneembodiment in which the fracturing manifold 22 is coupled to multiplefracturing trees 20, various valves of the fracturing manifold 22 may bemounted on separate skids 24 to enable variation in the spacing betweenthe valves. And in at least some instances, as described in furtherdetail below, such a configuration allows for easier alignment of thefluid connection 26 between the fracturing manifold 22 and thefracturing tree 20.

Fracturing fluid from a supply 28 is provided to the fracturing manifold22. In FIG. 1, a connector 30 receives fracturing fluid from the supply28 through a conduit or fluid connection 32 (e.g., pipes or hoses) andthen transmits the fluid to the fracturing manifold 22 by way of asubterranean conduit or fluid connection 34 (e.g., pipes). In oneembodiment, the fracturing fluid supply 28 is provided by one or moretrucks that deliver the fracturing fluid, connect to the connector 30,and pump the fluid into the fracturing manifold 22 via the connector 30and connections 32 and 34. In another embodiment, the fracturing fluidsupply 28 is in the form of a reservoir from which fluid may be pumpedinto the fracturing manifold 22. But any other suitable sources offracturing fluid and manners for transmitting such fluid to thefracturing manifold may instead be used.

A portion 40 of the fracturing system 10 is illustrated in FIG. 3 inaccordance with one embodiment. In the depicted embodiment, the portion40 includes the fracturing tree 20 and the fracturing manifold 22, aswell as several adjustment joints that enable alignment of theconnection line (i.e., fluid connection 26) between the fracturing tree20 and the fracturing manifold 22. The manifold 22 includes a conduit 42that routes fracturing fluid to valves 44 and 46. These valves 44 and 46are coupled to connecting blocks 48 and 50 of the conduit 42 to receivefracturing fluid from the fluid supply 28 via connections 32 and 24. Thefracturing fluid may then be routed through fluid connection 26 to arespective fracturing tree 20. Although the present embodiment includestwo valves 44 and two valves 46, any other suitable number of valves mayinstead be used to control flow of fracturing fluid to fracturing trees20. Further, while the depicted fluid connection 26 includes a singleflow path or conduit (which may be a fracturing line with a seven-inchbore in one instance) between the fracturing tree 20 and the fracturingmanifold 22, a fracturing system may include a greater number ofconduits between the fracturing manifold and a fracturing tree in otherembodiments.

The fracturing tree 20 is provided in the form of a horizontalfracturing tree in FIG. 3, though other embodiments may include adifferent style of fracturing tree (e.g., a vertical tree). The depictedfracturing tree 20 includes valves 52 to control flow of fracturingfluid through a horizontal portion of the tree 20. The tree 20 alsoincludes a master valve 54 to control flow of fluids (e.g., fracturingfluids or production fluids) to or from the attached wellhead 16 (FIG.1), and a port 56 allowing access to the wellhead 16 through the mastervalve 54. In other embodiments, the valve 54 may be omitted (e.g., in acomposite tree arrangement with all valves integral to one block).

The portion 40 of the fracturing system 10 also includes extendableadjustment joints that facilitate connection of the fracturing manifold22 to the fracturing tree 20. In the presently illustrated embodiment,the adjustment joints are provided in the form of adjustable fracturingheads 60, 62, and 64 (also commonly referred to as “goat heads”), thoughother forms of adjustment joints are also envisaged and may be used inaccordance with the present techniques. In operation, the fracturingtree 20 may be mounted at a fixed location (i.e., coupled to thewellhead 16). The fluid connection 26 is aligned and coupled between thefracturing tree 20 and the fracturing manifold 22. The adjustment joints(e.g., the fracturing heads 60, 62, and 64 in FIG. 3) facilitate suchalignment and coupling of the fluid connection by allowing an operatorto manipulate the position of the fluid connection 26 by changing adimension (e.g., length or height) of the adjustment joint. By providingthree adjustment joints, each with a different axis of movement (i.e.,up-and-down, forward-and-backward, and left-and-right), adjustments canbe made to help facilitate coupling of the fracturing manifold 22 to thefracturing tree 20.

For example, the conduit 42 includes a fracturing head 60 that may beextended or retracted (as represented by arrow 68) to vary the length ofthe conduit 42 and the distance between the valves 44 and 46 (which maybe mounted on separate skids 24, as discussed above, to allow relativemotion between the valves 44 and 46). Such variation also provides afirst degree of freedom in aligning the fluid connection 26 between thefracturing tree 20 and the fracturing manifold 22. In other words, theadjustment joint in conduit 42 allows the distance between the sealpoints of the fluid connection 26 at the fracturing tree 20 and at thefracturing manifold 22 to be varied in a first dimension.

Likewise, the fluid connection 26 in FIG. 3 includes the fracturing head62 to vary the length of the fluid connection 26 in a second dimension,as represented by arrow 70. The adjustability of the fracturing head 62provides a second degree of freedom in aligning the connection betweenthe fracturing tree 20 and the fracturing manifold 22. Further, theportion 40 includes the fracturing head 64 having a variable length in athird dimension (as represented by arrow 72), thus providing a thirddegree of freedom in aligning the fluid connection 26 between thefracturing tree 20 and the fracturing manifold 22. These three degreesof freedom are provided by three adjustment joints having differentdirections of adjustment that are not parallel, and in some embodiments(such as in FIG. 3) the directions of adjustment are orthogonal to oneanother. In addition to these three translational degrees of freedom,one or more of the adjustment joints (e.g., fracturing heads 60, 62, and64) may also be rotated about their axes, as indicated by arrows 69, 71,and 73, to provide rotational degrees of freedom. For example, thepresently depicted embodiment provides six degrees of freedom (threetranslational and three rotational).

While large fracturing lines (e.g., with a seven-inch bore) aretraditionally difficult to adjust between a fracturing manifold and afracturing tree, the adjustability provided in the presently disclosedsystem 10 enables large fracturing lines to be aligned and connected tosuch components more efficiently. Consequently, as depicted in FIG. 3, asingle fluid connection 26 may be provided in the form of a large-borefracturing line, rather than using multiple smaller-bore fracturinglines between the fracturing manifold and a given fracturing tree.

While the presently depicted embodiment includes three adjustmentjoints, it is noted that other embodiments may include fewer adjustmentjoints providing fewer degrees of freedom in aligning the fluidconnection 26. For instance, a single adjustment joint may be providedto give one translational degree of freedom (e.g., up-and-down,forward-and-backward, or left-and-right) in aligning the fracturing tree20 and the fracturing manifold 22 for the fluid connection 26. Or twoadjustment joints may be provided to give two translational degrees offreedom. Such adjustment joints may also provide rotational degrees offreedom as noted above. Further still, multiple adjustment joints may bealigned coaxially to provide adjustability at different locations withinthe system 10 (e.g., the manifold 22 may include multiple, coaxialadjustment joints).

For clarity, only a single fluid connection 26 and a single fracturingtree 20 (both of which receive fracturing fluid from the valves 44) aredepicted in FIG. 3 as part of portion 40 of the fracturing system 10.But it will be appreciated that the fracturing system 10 may includeadditional fluid connections 26 and fracturing trees 20 (see, e.g., FIG.2). For example, valves 46 may be coupled (e.g., via outlet 74) toanother fluid connection 26 leading to a different fracturing tree 20 onanother wellhead 16. Further, the conduit 42 may extend beyond thedepicted connection blocks 48 and 50 to route fracturing fluid toadditional valves and associated fracturing trees 20. And the conduit 42may include additional adjustment joints to enable movement of suchadditional valves relative to another portion of the manifold 22,thereby facilitating alignment of these valves with their associatedfracturing trees 20.

The fracturing head 60, in accordance with one embodiment, isillustrated in greater detail in FIGS. 4-6. In the depicted embodiment,the fracturing head 60 includes a body having a first portion 82 and asecond portion 84. The body portions 82 and 84 are configured to movewith respect to one another to vary a dimension of the fracturing headand facilitate connection of the fracturing manifold 22 and thefracturing tree 20 as described above. The fracturing head 60 includesfluid ports 86 and 114 (FIG. 5) to transmit fluid through the fracturinghead 60. In some embodiments, such as when installed in the fracturingsystem 10 in the manner depicted in FIG. 3, the fluid port 86 may beconsidered an output port and the fluid port 114 may be considered aninlet port. In addition to the fluid port 86, the second body portion 84includes a set of studs 88 and nuts 90 for connecting the fracturinghead 60 to another component (e.g., via an API flange or otherconnector). Similarly, the first body portion 82 includes through holes92 arranged in a flange 93 about the fluid port 114 for coupling toanother component (e.g., also coupled to an API flange via additionalstuds and nuts or to another connector). The first body portion 82includes an additional set of through holes 95 positioned radiallyoutward from the through holes 92. The through holes 95 are aligned withmating holes 97 in a flange 99 of the second body portion 84, and thefirst and second body portions 82 and 84 are secured to one another withstuds 94 (through the holes 95 and 97) and nuts 96.

As depicted in FIGS. 5 and 6, a bore 98 extends through the fracturinghead 60 between the fluid ports 86 and 114. The bore 98 may have adiameter similar or identical to that of the components coupled to thefluid ports 86 and 114, such as seven inches in one embodiment (thoughother diameters may be used for the bore 98, as well as for othercomponents). The bore may also be sized to match the inner diameter ofthe production casing in the well (i.e., a full bore arrangement) tofacilitate the passage of tools, plugs, or the like through thefracturing head 60. The fracturing head 60 includes an adjustment collar100 that may be rotated on threads 104 by a user to translate the collar100 with respect to the body portion 82 or 84 of the fracturing head 60on which the collar is threaded (i.e., first body portion 82 in FIGS. 5and 6). Movement of the adjustment collar 100 allows adjustment of thelength of the fracturing head 60 and the distance between fluid ports 86and 114. Particularly, as illustrated in FIG. 6, nuts 96 may be loosenedon the studs 94 and the adjustable collar 100 may be moved along thefirst body portion 82 to lengthen the fracturing head 60. In thismanner, the length (or what may instead be considered the height) of thefracturing head 60 may be varied to aid in aligning and coupling thefracturing manifold 22 and the fracturing tree 20 via the fluidconnection 26, as discussed above. The fracturing head 60, as well asother adjustment joints in the system 10 (e.g., the fracturing heads 62and 64 or the pipe connector 130 of FIG. 9), may be constructed to allowfor any desired amount of variation in dimension. For instance, theadjustment joints may be constructed to allow dimensional variation(e.g., lengthening) of seven inches in one embodiment, of twelve inchesin another embodiment, and of eighteen inches in still anotherembodiment. Still further, it is noted that in addition to thetranslational and rotational degrees of freedom facilitated through useof the presently disclosed adjustment joints, angular adjustment betweenelements of the fracturing system 10 can be enabled through theinclusion of pivot joints or other suitable couplings.

The fracturing head 60 also includes various sealing elements to inhibitfluid leakage. For instance, as depicted, fracturing head 60 includessealing elements 102, 106, 108, 110, and 112. The sealing elements areformed of any suitable material, such as an elastomer or metal. In oneembodiment, the seals 110 include CANH™ seals available from CameronInternational Corporation of Houston, Tex. Also, in one embodimentmovement of the collar 100 pre-loads or energizes one or more of theseals of the fracturing head 60.

As depicted in FIG. 7, the fracturing head 64 is generally similar tothe fracturing head 60 (and the fracturing head 62, which is identicalto the fracturing head 60 in one embodiment) but includes a fluid port86 on a side face of the body portion 84 rather than on the top face. Asillustrated in FIG. 3, such an arrangement enables the fracturing head64 to connect a pipe of fluid connection 26 with the fracturing tree 20via a bore bent at an angle (e.g., at a right angle) to change thedirection of fluid flowing through the fracturing head 64. And adimension of the fracturing head 64 may be varied in the same manner asdescribed above with respect to fracturing head 60, thereby facilitatingalignment and coupling of the fracturing tree 20 and the fracturingmanifold 22 with the fluid connection 26.

In one embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, a fracturing head (e.g.,fracturing head 60, 62, or 64) includes seals 118 and 120 (rather thansealing elements 106, 108, and 110) disposed in an annular space 122.The seals 118 and 120 are formed of any suitable material, and mayinclude metal CANH™ seals in one embodiment. The annular space 122 isbound by the body portion 82, the body portion 84, and the adjustablecollar 100. A test port 124 extends from the annular space 122 (e.g., ata location between the seals 118 and 120) to an exterior surface of thebody portion 84 to allow connection of a pressure monitoring device toenable monitoring or testing of the integrity of the seals 118 and 120.

While the adjustment joints of the fracturing system 10 have beendescribed above in the form as fracturing heads, other embodiments mayuse other adjustment joints in addition to, or in place of, thefracturing heads. For example, one or more of the fracturing heads 60,62, and 64 of FIG. 3 may be replaced by other adjustment joints inadditional embodiments. One example of another adjustment joint isdepicted in FIG. 9 in the form of a pipe connector 130. The connector130 includes a first tubular member 132 and a second tubular member 134.The tubular members 132 and 134 may be pipes (e.g., of the fluidconnection 26 or conduit 42), or they may be coupled to pipes or otherconduits in any suitable fashion. The opposite ends of the connectorinclude an inlet and an outlet, allowing fracturing fluid to flowthrough the connector 130 via the bores of either the members 132 and134 themselves or of the pipes or other conduits joined by the connector130.

The connector 130 is configured to enable relative movement between thetubular members 132 and 134 to allow variation in the length of theconnector 130. Like the fracturing heads 60, 62, and 64, the connector130 may be constructed to allow any desired range of variation inlength, such as a range of seven inches or twelve inches. Various seals136, 138, and 140 are provided between the tubular members 132 and 134.In one embodiment, the seal 136 is an elastomeric seal and the seals 138and 140 are metal CANH™ seals.

The connector 130 also includes a collar 142 (which may also be referredto herein as union nut 142) that cooperates with a flanged collar 154 toadjust the length of the connector 130. The union nut 142 may be coupledto the first tubular member 132 in any suitable manner. In the depictedembodiment, threads 146 allow the union nut 142 to be threaded onto thetubular member 132. The union nut 142 includes an end 150 that engagesthe collar 154 via threads 152, and rotation of the union nut 142 causesthe collar 154 to move along the axis of the connector 130 with respectto the tubular member 132. A flange 156 of the collar 154 is coupled toa mating flange 158 of the tubular member 134 by studs 160 and nuts 162.Consequently, rotation of the union nut 142 also causes the secondtubular member 134 to be moved with respect to the first tubular member132, thereby enabling the connector 130 to be lengthened or shortenedthrough such operation. The connector 130 may also include a test port164 to enable monitoring of the integrity of seals 138 and 140 in amanner similar to that described above with respect to test port 124(FIG. 8).

Another embodiment in which fluid conduits 26 are adjustable tofacilitate coupling of the fluid conduits 26 between the fracturingmanifold 22 and fracturing trees 20 is generally depicted in FIG. 10. Inthis embodiment, the adjustment joints for the fracturing system areprovided in the form of rotatable pipe joints 170 and connection blocks172 (e.g., elbow blocks) of the fluid conduits 26. The ability to rotatecomponents of the fluid conduits 26 provides rotational degrees offreedom similar to those described above, and enables the fluid conduits26 to be more easily positioned and connected between the fracturingmanifold 22 and the fracturing trees 20. As presently illustrated, thefluid conduits 26 with rotatable components have three rotationaldegrees of freedom, although other embodiments could have fewer thanthree. In some instances, the adjacent pipes 170 and connection blocks172 could be rotated to desired positions before assembling thesecomponents together (e.g., via a studded connection). But in at leastsome embodiments, the fluid conduit 26 includes a swivel connection thatenables rotation of one portion of the fluid conduit 26 with respect toanother portion of the fluid conduit 26 while those portions areconnected to one another.

One example of such an arrangement is depicted in FIG. 11. In thisembodiment, the fluid conduit 26 includes a number of swivel connections(having swivel rings 176) that allow pipes 170 and connection blocks 172to rotate with respect to one another. Each pipe 170 is depicted in FIG.11 as having a swivel connection (with a swivel ring 176) at one end anda fixed, non-swivel connection (with a threaded flange 178) at its otherend, although fewer pipes 170 could have swivel connections in otherembodiments.

An example of a pipe 170 having such connections is depicted in greaterdetail in FIG. 12 in accordance with one embodiment. In this example,the pipe 170 includes a flange 182 at one end and a threaded surface 184at its other end. When the pipe 170 is assembled in the fluid conduit26, the flange 182 is received within the swivel ring 176. This allowsthe flange 182 (along with the pipe 170) to rotate with respect to theswivel ring 176 and to the component to which the swivel ring 176 isattached (e.g., a connection block 172, the fracturing manifold 22, or afracturing tree 20). The threaded flange 178 can be connected to thethreaded surface 184 to allow that end of the pipe 170 to also beconnected to another component of the fluid conduit 26. As depicted, theswivel ring 176 and the threaded flange 178 include through holes 188 toallow them to be connected to other components via studded connections.But other kinds of connections could also be used in accordance with thepresent technique.

Returning now to FIG. 11, it can be seen that the swivel connectionsenable the rotation of the pipes 170 and the connection blocks 172, asgenerally represented by arrows 190, 192, 194, 196, 198, and 200. Theswivel connection at one end of a pipe 170 allows the pipe 170 to berotated about its axis to change the orientation of the connection block172 (which rotates with the pipe 170) coupled to the pipe 170 at thefixed connection opposite the swivel. And through the rotation of thesecomponents, overall dimensions of the fluid conduit 26 can be changed toaccommodate variances in distances and elevations between the fracturingmanifold 22 and the fracturing trees 20. That is, by rotating thevarious components of the fluid conduit 26, the pipes 170 may beextended and retracted to position the fluid conduit 26 appropriatelyfor coupling between the fracturing manifold 22 and a fracturing tree20.

Like some other embodiments described above, the fracturing systemdepicted in FIG. 11 uses only a single fluid conduit 26 per fracturingtree 20 rather than using multiple, smaller fluid conduits. In oneembodiment, the bore of the fluid conduit is seven and one-sixteenthinches at the end of the conduit 26 that receives fracturing fluid fromthe manifold 22 and is five and one-eighth inches at the end of theconduit 26 connected to the fracturing tree. But it will be appreciatedthat conduits 26 may have different dimensions in other embodiments.Additionally, although the pipes 170 are shown connected orthogonally toone another via the connection blocks 172 in the present embodiment,other embodiments could include pipes 170 connected to one another atdifferent angles.

While the aspects of the present disclosure may be susceptible tovarious modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments havebeen shown by way of example in the drawings and have been described indetail herein. But it should be understood that the invention is notintended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, theinvention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternativesfalling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by thefollowing appended claims.

1. A system comprising: a fracturing manifold; a plurality of fracturing trees; and a plurality of fluid conduits coupled between the fracturing manifold and the plurality of fracturing trees to enable receipt of fracturing fluid by the plurality of fracturing trees from the fracturing manifold, wherein each fracturing tree of the plurality of fracturing trees coupled to the fracturing manifold is coupled to the fracturing manifold by at least one rigid fluid conduit of the plurality of fluid conduits.
 2. The system of claim 1, comprising a first goat head at the fracturing manifold and a second goat head at a fracturing tree of the plurality of fracturing trees, wherein the first goat head and the second goat head are in fluid communication with each other.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the fracturing manifold includes: a shared trunk conduit for routing fracturing fluid to multiple fracturing trees of the plurality of fracturing trees; and outlet branches for routing fracturing fluid from the shared trunk conduit to individual fracturing trees of the multiple fracturing trees.
 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the outlet branches of the fracturing manifold include valves to individually control flow of fracturing fluid from the shared trunk conduit to the multiple fracturing trees.
 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the outlet branches of the fracturing manifold include: a first outlet branch having two valves connected in series to control flow of fracturing fluid to a first fracturing tree of the multiple fracturing trees; and a second outlet branch having two valves connected in series to control flow of fracturing fluid to a second fracturing tree of the multiple fracturing trees.
 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the first outlet branch of the fracturing manifold includes a goat head attached in series with the two valves of the first outlet branch such that, in operation, fracturing fluid can be routed from the shared trunk conduit through the two valves of the first outlet branch to the goat head.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one rigid fluid conduit includes a plurality of pipe joints coupled to one another.
 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one rigid fluid conduit includes an elbow.
 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one rigid fluid conduit is an adjustable fluid conduit that allows an operator to vary a dimension of the fluid conduit to facilitate coupling of the fluid conduit between the fracturing manifold and a fracturing tree of the plurality of fracturing trees.
 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one rigid fluid conduit includes an adjustment joint that provides at least one translational degree of freedom in aligning the at least one rigid fluid conduit between the fracturing manifold and a fracturing tree of the plurality of fracturing trees.
 11. The system of claim 1, wherein each fracturing tree of the plurality of fracturing trees coupled to the fracturing manifold is coupled to the fracturing manifold by only a single, rigid fluid conduit of the plurality of fluid conduits.
 12. A system comprising: a fracturing fluid distribution manifold for providing fracturing fluid to a plurality of wells, the fracturing fluid distribution manifold including a trunk line and multiple outlet branches in fluid communication with the trunk line for routing fracturing fluid from the trunk line toward the plurality of wells via the multiple outlet branches, wherein the multiple outlet branches include a first outlet branch and a second outlet branch, the first outlet branch includes a first pair of valves connected in series to control flow of fracturing fluid from the trunk line through the first outlet branch toward a first well of the plurality of wells, and the second outlet branch includes a second pair of valves connected in series to control flow of fracturing fluid from the trunk line through the second outlet branch toward a second well of the plurality of wells.
 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the multiple outlet branches are coupled to the trunk line at connection blocks of the trunk line.
 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the multiple outlet branches include at least one additional outlet branch and each additional outlet branch includes a pair of valves connected in series to control flow of fracturing fluid from the trunk line through the additional outlet branch toward an additional well of the plurality of wells.
 15. The system of claim 12, comprising a plurality of fracturing trees coupled to receive fracturing fluid from the trunk line of the fracturing fluid distribution manifold via the multiple outlet branches.
 16. The system of claim 12, wherein the first well is in fluid communication with the trunk line of the fracturing fluid distribution manifold via a goat head at the first outlet branch and at least one additional goat head.
 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the goat head at the first outlet branch is mounted to a valve of the first pair of valves.
 18. A method comprising: assembling a fracturing manifold having a trunk line for distributing fracturing fluid to multiple wells through multiple outlets of the fracturing manifold; connecting the fracturing manifold to the multiple wells via rigid conduits positioned to receive fracturing fluid from the multiple outlets; and routing fracturing fluid from the fracturing manifold to the multiple wells through the rigid conduits.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein assembling the fracturing manifold includes assembling the fracturing manifold so as to include outlet branches having valves for controlling flow of fracturing fluid from the trunk line to the multiple outlets, and routing fracturing fluid from the fracturing manifold to the multiple wells through the rigid conduits includes operating the valves of the outlet branches to control flow of fracturing fluid to the multiple wells through the rigid conduits.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein assembling the fracturing manifold so as to include outlet branches having valves for controlling flow of fracturing fluid from the trunk line to the multiple outlets includes providing at least one outlet branch that is in fluid communication with the trunk line and that includes: a first valve coupled to the trunk line, a second valve connected downstream of the first valve, and a goat head connected downstream of the second valve. 